Genetic Diversity of 39 Winged Bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus) Accessions Based on Morpho-Agronomic Characters in Jatinangor1
Nusifera, S.2 and A. Karuniawan3
1Part of Research Project through Post Graduate Team Research Grant, DIKTI
2 Post Graduate Student in Padjadjaran University
3Lecturer in Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University
Coresponding Author : akaruni1@unpad.ac.id
Abstract
High genetic diversity of crop population is a prerequisite for succesful breeding program. Thus, studies on genetic diversity will be required to explore potential of genetic resources for futher genetic improvement through breeding program. This research aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and relationship of 39 winged bean accessions, was conducted on experimental station belonged to Faculty of agriculture, jatinangor Sumedang, started from november 2008 untill may 2009. The experiment was arranged in simple randomized block design and replicated twice. Treatment were 39 wingedbean accessions collected from several region in Indonesia, and mostly from java. Characters observed were 21 morpho –agronomic characters of which measurement were referred to winged bean plant descriptor issued by IBPGR. Data were analysed simultenously using multivariate analysis. Principle component analysis was used to reduce variables into new variable which represents total variance. PC score was then used to construct biplot to explain pattern of divergence of 39 accessions. To analysed genetic relationship, cluster analysis using UPGMA method was used.
Based on principal component analysis, total variance of 21 characters could be explained 20,01%, 14,2%, 8,8%, 8,6%, and 7,2% respectively by PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, and PC5. Results of cluster analysis informed that there was a considerably large diversity of 39 winged bean accessions. Two clusters were consider to have farthest genetic distance. Accession Karawang 2 was much differed to other accessions and clustered independently. Accessions which were mostly from west Java (19 of them) seemed to be located from different cluster and considered to have large diversity. Four accessions from Jogja seemed to show closer relationship (similar) as well as accessions from IITA. Two accessions from Kalimantan were far seperated each other. One representative from Sulawesi were closely related with accession 8.14 from west Java while representative from Sumatera (8.31) was genetically closer with Rancakaso.
Keywords : accession, diversity, genetic, relationship, winged bean
